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| The best method of
starting the plants is by use of a hotbed. It may be constructed as follows:
Select a well-drained location where the bed will be sheltered, preferably
on the south side of a building or fence. Dig a pit 3 feet wide by 6 feet
long and 2 feet deep, so that the long side faces the south. Line the inside
of the pit with boards. A stake may be driven in at each corner to serve
as a support for the frame, if boards cannot be obtained for the lining.
Fill the pit with fresh horse manure well packed down by tramping. Construct
a frame 3 feet wide by six feet long. Have this frame 12 inches high at
back or north side and 6 inches high at the front or south side. Place
the frame over the pit and bank the outside with strawy manure or soil.
Place in the frame four or
five inches of good garden loam which has not grown any diseased plants.
Cover the bed with glass hot-bed sash. Unbleached muslin or cheesecloth
may be substituted for the glass.
If a crop of tomatoes for early market is desired, transplanting is necessary. In this case use two or three rows across the end of the hotbed for sowing the seed, and use the remainder of the bed for transplanting. Mark off rows from three to six inches apart and one-fourth inch deep. Drill in the tomato seed, about 12 seeds to the inch. Level the soil and press the surface of the bed firmly and uniformly. Moisten the ground thoroughly. During summer days ventilate by raising the cover a few inches on the side opposite the wind. Toward evening close the sash in order to get the bed warm before night. As the plants grow older the ventilation may be increased. Water in the mornings on bright days only. Keep the bed moist but not wet. Ventilate after watering in order to dry off the plants. When the seedlings are about two inches high, or just before the second leaves set, transplant them two inches apart each way to another part of the bed. Another transplanting four inches apart should be made in about three weeks. If there is no remaining space in the hotbed, a cold frame, constructed similar to the hotbed except that no pit or manure is necessary, may be used. The seedlings may be transplanted to small boxes or flats about 18 inches long, 12 inches wide, and 2 1/2 inches deep and then the boxes placed in the hotbed or the cold frame. If the tomatoes are to be canned, principally, it is not necessary to hasten the maturing of all the plants. In that case the hotbed may be used without any transplanting. Mark off rows four inches apart and one-fourth inch deep. Place one seed every two inches in the row and then transplant every other seedling to another part of the hotbed or place the seeds at distances of four inches and do not transplant. Allow these to grow as they stand, until ready for the field. Before the seedlings are
set in the garden plot they should be hardened off by a scant supply of
water for several days and by the absence of any covering at night, when
there is no danger of frost. Moisten well just before transplanting.
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